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viernes, mayo 3, 2024
InicioNacionalLa obesidad sale cara pero prevenirla es rentable

La obesidad sale cara pero prevenirla es rentable

La obesidad, causante de diabetes, enfermedades cardiovasculares y cáncer, reduce la esperanza de vida y sale cara, pero invertir dinero en prevenirla es rentable, según un informe publicado por la OCDE. Así, por cada dólar invertido se recuperan hasta 6 dólares, según los análisis de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE).

El sobrepeso supone el 70% de los costos de los tratamientos de diabetes, del 23% de los destinados a las enfermedades cardiovasculares y del 9% de los empleados contra el cáncer en los 36 países miembros de la OCDE. La organización estima que esta variable costará 425.000 millones de dólares anuales en los 52 países analizados en las próximas tres décadas.

De aquí a 2050, se producirán 92 millones de muertes prematuras relacionadas con enfermedades ligadas con la obesidad en los países de la OCDE, el G20 y la UE, según este informe.

México será el país que sufrirá la mayor reducción de esperanza de vida debido a la obesidad (-4,2 años). Le siguen Rusia y Polonia (-3,9 ambos) y Estados Unidos (-3,7). Japón (-0,9) e India (-1,1) cierran la lista. Más de la mitad de la población de 34 de los 36 países miembros de la OCDE padece sobrepeso y prácticamente una de cada cuatro personas es obesa.

La tasa de obesidad de los adultos en la OCDE pasó de 21% en 2010 a 24% en 2016, es decir, 50 millones de personas más. En 2016, la obesidad afectaba al 28,9% de los adultos en México, al 28,3% en Argentina, al 28% en Chile y al 23,8% en España, mientras que el promedio en los 36 países era de 23,2%.

Estados Unidos destina el 14% de su presupuesto de salud a la obesidad, al sobrepeso y a las enfermedades cardiovasculares, esto es, 645 dólares por habitante por año, mientras que México destina 9% (62 USD) y España 10% (228 dólares).

Contra la obesidad, la OCDE recomienda reducir 20% de la ingesta de calorías contenidas en alimentos ricos en azúcar, sal y grasas saturadas, lo que podría evitar 1,1 millones de casos de enfermedades crónicas anuales, según un análisis en 42 países. La medida permitiría un ahorro presupuestario de 13.200 millones de dólares anuales y un aumento de 0,5% del PIB

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