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martes, mayo 14, 2024
InicioConocimientoEstudio sugiere que el TDAH podría ser una ventaja evolutiva en entornos...

Estudio sugiere que el TDAH podría ser una ventaja evolutiva en entornos cambiantes

El trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) es un tema que ha despertado gran interés en la comunidad científica y en la sociedad en general. A menudo se percibe como una debilidad, investigaciones recientes han revelado que existen algunas ventajas asociadas a este trastorno que han sido científicamente analizadas.

Investigadores de la Universidad de Pensilvania, liderados por David Barack, han indagado en los orígenes de este trastorno en el ser humano. Su estudio, publicado en la prestigiosa revista científica “The Royal Society”, plantea la posibilidad de que el TDAH sea en realidad una estrategia adaptativa de supervivencia desarrollada por nuestros ancestros.

Para llegar a esta conclusión, los investigadores llevaron a cabo un experimento con 457 adultos, de los cuales 206 presentaban síntomas más intensos de TDAH. En un videojuego, se les pidió recolectar bayas de arbustos virtuales en un tiempo limitado. Aquellos con rasgos de TDAH recolectaron más frutas al cambiar rápidamente de arbusto, en comparación con el grupo sin síntomas de TDAH que dedicó más tiempo a un solo arbusto.

Este comportamiento, aparentemente caótico, podría haber sido una estrategia vital para la supervivencia de los cazadores-recolectores en el pasado. La movilidad constante permitía evitar la explotación de recursos en un solo lugar y explorar nuevas zonas en busca de alimento.

A nivel biológico, la dopamina desempeña un papel clave en las personas con TDAH. Este neurotransmisor se descompone más rápidamente en individuos con el trastorno, lo que genera la necesidad constante de buscar recompensas y cambiar de tarea con frecuencia.

Si bien estas características pueden haber sido beneficiosas en el pasado, en la sociedad actual, donde los recursos no son tan limitados, el TDAH puede presentar desafíos. Sin embargo, este estudio plantea la interesante idea de que el TDAH podría ser una manifestación de la evolución humana, adaptándose a entornos cambiantes y desafiantes.

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