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sábado, mayo 18, 2024
InicioInternacionalCrean en Australia un "cerebro cíborg" con neuronas humanas

Crean en Australia un “cerebro cíborg” con neuronas humanas

El dispositivo, apodado ‘DishBrain’, aprendió en cinco minutos a jugar al ‘Pong’, mientras que la inteligencia artificial necesitó una hora y media para hacerlo.

Los científicos del laboratorio australiano Cortical Labs crearon un chip con neuronas humanas, dijo este viernes el jefe del proyecto, Brett Kagan.

El sistema, apodado ‘DishBrain’, consiste en una placa de Petri con células cerebrales cultivadas encima de una matriz de microelectrodos capaces de estimularlas y detectar las señales.

“Mediante la estimulación y el registro electrofisiológico, los cultivos se insertaron en un mundo de juego simulado, imitando el juego de árcade ‘Pin pong'”, describen los científicos en un estudio al respecto, que fue subido en el servidor de preimpresión BioRxiv a inicios de diciembre y todavía no ha sido revisado por pares.

El funcionamiento de este “cerebro cíborg”, como lo llama el investigador, difiere de los de la inteligencia artificial (IA) habitual. Mientras que DishBrain aprendió a jugar al ‘Ping pong’ en solo cinco minutos, a la IA le llevó una hora y media hacerlo. Sin embargo, una vez ambos comprendieron el mecanismo del juego, DishBrain mostró peores resultados que la IA y perdió las partidas en las que se enfrentó a ella.

Según establecieron los científicos, el modelo funciona con células tanto de humanos como de roedores. Sin embargo, entre los dos patrones hay una diferencia. “Las células corticales humanas siempre superaron a las células corticales de ratón con matices en las características del juego”, indican los investigadores, resaltando que se trata de la primera evidencia de que las neuronas humanas son de por sí superiores a las de los roedores.

“Utilizando ese sistema DishBrain, hemos demostrado que una sola capa de neuronas corticales puede autoorganizarse y mostrar un comportamiento inteligente y sensible cuando se encarna en un mundo de juego simulado”, concluyen los científicos.

“El trabajo futuro con este sistema puede investigar el uso de otros tipos de células neuronales y/o estructuras biológicas más complejas”, esperan.

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