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martes, mayo 14, 2024
InicioGeneralLa desinformación domina la campaña electoral en Brasil

La desinformación domina la campaña electoral en Brasil

A un mes de las elecciones en Brasil, las autoridades luchan por contener la desinformación que inunda las redes sociales, pero aunque están mejor preparadas que en 2018, el combate contra las noticias falsa sigue siendo un reto.

El expresidente izquierdista Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, que lidera las intenciones de voto con 47 %, según la última encuesta del Instituto Datafolha, y el mandatario ultraderechista Jair Bolsonaro, segundo con 32 %, son objeto de la mayoría de contenidos falsos antes de los comicios generales del 2 de octubre.

La desinformación ya campó a sus anchas en la campaña de 2018, especialmente mediante grupos bolsonaristas muy activos en WhatsApp, y expertos coinciden en que esto tuvo un impacto en los resultados electorales, que dieron la victoria al actual presidente.

Desde entonces, instituciones, organizaciones de la sociedad civil y empresas de tecnología avanzaron en el combate a las informaciones falsas en las redes sociales, donde Bolsonaro suma 47.5 millones de seguidores y Lula, 16.6 millones.

Una justicia “implacable”

El presidente del Tribunal Superior Electoral (TSE), Alexandre de Moraes, afirmó el primer día de campaña que sería “firme e implacable” contra “la divulgación de noticias falsas o fraudulentas”.

El TSE ya ordenó la remoción de decenas de contenidos, incluidas publicaciones del propio Bolsonaro, como un video en que, durante una reunión con embajadores en julio, criticó sin pruebas la fiabilidad del voto electrónico en Brasil.

El Tribunal creó además un grupo de combate a la desinformación integrado por instituciones, gigantes de la tecnología como Facebook, Instagram y WhatsApp, Google, TikTok, Telegram y YouTube, así como universidades y medios de comunicación.

Esto resultó en compromisos como la decisión de WhatsApp de postergar hasta después de la elección la implementación de la herramienta “Comunidades”, que permitirá aglutinar varios grupos en un mismo espacio y, a sus administradores, enviar mensajes a todos ellos.

Por su parte, la plataforma Telegram, preferida por Bolsonaro por defender una libertad de expresión ilimitada, fue forzada a designar un representante legal en Brasil, bajo amenaza de ser bloqueada en todo el país.

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