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lunes, septiembre 16, 2024
InicioConocimientoCienciaInvestigadores de EE.UU desarrollan método avanzado para estudiar el Alzheimer

Investigadores de EE.UU desarrollan método avanzado para estudiar el Alzheimer

Un equipo de científicos de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Washington en San Luis ha diseñado un innovador método para estudiar el Alzheimer sin necesidad de biopsias cerebrales.

Utilizando la técnica de reprogramación celular, los investigadores transformaron células de piel de pacientes en neuronas que replican las características del Alzheimer de aparición tardía.

Los resultados, publicados en la revista Science, ofrecen una nueva perspectiva sobre la enfermedad y podrían abrir puertas a nuevas estrategias de tratamiento.

El estudio se centró en el Alzheimer de aparición tardía, el tipo más común de la enfermedad, que afecta a personas mayores de 65 años.

Los científicos crearon esferoides neuronales que imitan el entorno tridimensional del cerebro y compararon estos modelos con esferoides derivados de individuos sanos. Los esferoides de pacientes con Alzheimer mostraron una rápida acumulación de proteínas beta amiloide y tau, así como la muerte neuronal, replicando los hallazgos observados en escáneres cerebrales reales.

Además, el equipo descubrió que los fármacos que inhiben la formación de placas de beta amiloide fueron efectivos cuando se administraron en las etapas tempranas de la enfermedad, pero menos eficaces en fases avanzadas. También se identificó que pequeños fragmentos de ADN, conocidos como “genes saltarines”, juegan un papel en el desarrollo del Alzheimer.

La inhibición de estos genes con lamivudina mostró resultados positivos en esferoides de Alzheimer tardío, destacando la necesidad de tratamientos personalizados según el tipo de Alzheimer.

El equipo planea futuros estudios que incluirán diversas células cerebrales para una comprensión más completa de la enfermedad.

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